One of the major challenges in producing cost-competitive biofuels and biochemicals is the high cost and energy intensity of product recovery. Argonne separations research applies advanced membrane and bioprocessing technologies for separations to drive down overall conversion process costs. Innovative technologies developed and demonstrated at Argonne include hydrocyclone, magnetic nanoparticles, separative bioreactors, and electrodeionization. Argonne researchers have developed other separation technologies that can be applied to bioenergy research and development. They include pervaporation to separate ethanol and water, liquid-liquid extraction, and pulsating flow microfiltration.