Authors
Benedek, Roy
Abstract
In the conventional cycling protocol for lithium and manganese rich NMC layered oxides (LMRNMC), the upper cutoff voltage V (cut) is extended to similar to 4.8, to achieve capacities of similar to 250 mAh g(-1). With this mode of operation, structural rearrangements result in voltage fade upon cycling. A strategy is proposed to avoid these structural rearrangements based on (a) restricting V (cut) to values < similar to 4.6 to shut down the bulk instabilities, and (b) application of a (preferably) semi-coherent coating that protects the surface oxygen. The potential benefit of this strategy would be to minimize Co and Ni content, compared to Ni-rich NMC.